https://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=FUR_TRADEFUR TRADE - Revision history2026-04-29T10:40:25ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.1https://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=183346&oldid=prevRandylyon at 03:34, 19 December 20242024-12-19T03:34:11Z<p></p>
<a href="https://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=183346&oldid=183340">Show changes</a>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=183340&oldid=prevRandylyon at 22:05, 17 December 20242024-12-17T22:05:34Z<p></p>
<a href="https://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=183340&oldid=179715">Show changes</a>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=179715&oldid=prevRandylyon at 16:11, 11 January 20242024-01-11T16:11:41Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4078.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Tokens used to purchase furs. The Hudson Bay token (left) can be identified by the "HB" and the side view of a beaver. The token used by the North West Company featured the "NW" and a birds-eye view of a beaver.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4078.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Tokens used to purchase furs. The Hudson Bay token (left) can be identified by the "HB" and the side view of a beaver. The token used by the North West Company featured the "NW" and a birds-eye view of a beaver.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:tokensoftrade.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Silver broaches used in trade. National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:hb1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Tokens varied greatly in quality. (Obverse)]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:hb1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Tokens varied greatly in quality. (Obverse)]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4091.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Reverse of the same token.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4091.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Reverse of the same token.]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=179714&oldid=prevRandylyon at 16:04, 11 January 20242024-01-11T16:04:59Z<p></p>
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l17">Line 17:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The French period of the fur trade witnessed efforts to regulate the traffic. This was done by building posts in the heart of the fur country and by the license system. Despite these efforts, coureurs des bois, wild adventurous fellows, some peasants, others sons of the best families, roamed through the woods collecting pelts in defiance of the king and his laws. (6)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The French period of the fur trade witnessed efforts to regulate the traffic. This was done by building posts in the heart of the fur country and by the license system. Despite these efforts, coureurs des bois, wild adventurous fellows, some peasants, others sons of the best families, roamed through the woods collecting pelts in defiance of the king and his laws. (6)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">There developed a peculiar </del>type of organization <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which, although modified, </del>continued through <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">following stages </del>of the traffic. The chief trader, who held a license from the government, was known as the bourgeois. He was "governor of pack and train, master of the canoe-brigade, despot of the trading post." Immediately under him were the commis, clerks in training for the position of bourgeois. These young men lived with the master, had charge of his correspondence, sometimes commanded subsidiary posts, and made expeditions to native villages. Next in order came the voyageurs or engagés, French-Canadian peasants or half-breeds, who preferred the wild life of the forests and waterways to farming. They signed contracts or engagements in which they promised to obey the bourgeois, "to do his will, to seek his profit, avoid his damage, and refrain from trading on their own account." They did the physical work of the trip — propelled the canoes, carried them and their cargoes over the portages, pitched tents, cooked the meals, furnished part of the rations by hunting and fishing, and at the trading post supplied fire wood, and packed the furs. (7)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A </ins>type of organization continued <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with minor changes </ins>through <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the rest </ins>of the traffic. The chief trader, who held a license from the government, was known as the bourgeois. He was "governor of pack and train, master of the canoe-brigade, despot of the trading post." Immediately under him were the commis, clerks in training for the position of bourgeois. These young men lived with the master, had charge of his correspondence, sometimes commanded subsidiary posts, and made expeditions to native villages. Next in order came the voyageurs or engagés, French-Canadian peasants or half-breeds, who preferred the wild life of the forests and waterways to farming. They signed contracts or engagements in which they promised to obey the bourgeois, "to do his will, to seek his profit, avoid his damage, and refrain from trading on their own account." They did the physical work of the trip — propelled the canoes, carried them and their cargoes over the portages, pitched tents, cooked the meals, furnished part of the rations by hunting and fishing, and at the trading post supplied fire wood, and packed the furs. (7)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The engagés or voyageurs were divided into two classes. Those who were employed for the first time were known as mangeurs de lard, "pork eaters," a term of contempt which indicated their lack of experience in the wilderness. After a season or two of experience the voyageurs gained the title of hivernants or winterers — seasoned employees who would endure privation and fatigue. The voyageurs were indispensable to the traffic. In spite of his care-free life the life of the voyageur was not easy. His food consisted of hulled corn with a little tallow, dried peas, and wild game. His wages, too, were low, not more than one hundred dollars per year. While the bourgeois furnished him a yearly outfit of two cotton shirts, a triangular blanket, a pair of heavy cowhide boots, and a stout collar for carrying goods over the portages, he was required to pay for pipes, tobacco, and liquor. When a voyageur became too old to perform the heavy labor, he usually settled near a fort and married a Native Amerian woman. (8)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The engagés or voyageurs were divided into two classes. Those who were employed for the first time were known as mangeurs de lard, "pork eaters," a term of contempt which indicated their lack of experience in the wilderness. After a season or two of experience the voyageurs gained the title of hivernants or winterers — seasoned employees who would endure privation and fatigue. The voyageurs were indispensable to the traffic. In spite of his care-free life the life of the voyageur was not easy. His food consisted of hulled corn with a little tallow, dried peas, and wild game. His wages, too, were low, not more than one hundred dollars per year. While the bourgeois furnished him a yearly outfit of two cotton shirts, a triangular blanket, a pair of heavy cowhide boots, and a stout collar for carrying goods over the portages, he was required to pay for pipes, tobacco, and liquor. When a voyageur became too old to perform the heavy labor, he usually settled near a fort and married a Native Amerian woman. (8)</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4078.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Tokens used to purchase furs. The Hudson Bay token (left) can be identified by the "HB" and the side view of a beaver. The token used by the North West Company featured the "NW" and a birds-eye view of a beaver.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4078.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Tokens used to purchase furs. The Hudson Bay token (left) can be identified by the "HB" and the side view of a beaver. The token used by the North West Company featured the "NW" and a birds-eye view of a beaver.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:tokensoftrade.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Silver broaches used in trade. National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:hb1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Tokens varied greatly in quality. (Obverse)]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:hb1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Tokens varied greatly in quality. (Obverse)]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4091.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Reverse of the same token.]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:IMG_4091.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Reverse of the same token.]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=170010&oldid=prevRandylyon at 16:00, 31 August 20212021-08-31T16:00:44Z<p></p>
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</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=158080&oldid=prevRandylyon at 20:05, 23 October 20192019-10-23T20:05:17Z<p></p>
<a href="https://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=158080&oldid=147280">Show changes</a>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=147280&oldid=prevRandylyon at 02:28, 17 October 20182018-10-17T02:28:43Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1910 the City of Dubuque had one of the largest fur trades in Iowa. Trappers within a 50-60 mile radius of the city brought over $15,000 work of skins to local dealers including [[C. J. MULFINGER]]. These furs included gray fox, red fox, wolf, raccoon, skunk, civet, muskrat, badger and opossum. Wolf skins were in the minority. (59)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1910 the City of Dubuque had one of the largest fur trades in Iowa. Trappers within a 50-60 mile radius of the city brought over $15,000 work of skins to local dealers including [[C. J. MULFINGER]]. These furs included gray fox, red fox, wolf, raccoon, skunk, civet, muskrat, badger and opossum. Wolf skins were in the minority. (59)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">NOTE: For a video of the fur trade, see: http://cityofdubuque.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=3&clip_id=3083 produced by the City of Dubuque.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
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</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=136092&oldid=prevRandylyon at 23:39, 28 March 20172017-03-28T23:39:27Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Sauk and Meskwaki were forced to cede more and more of their land to the United States government. By 1845, the tribes were sent to Indian reservations in Kansas. (54) As the westward movement of population advanced, "crowding in closer upon the native inhabitants", the trader's profits decreased. "Only the Indians' removal farther west", whence the fur-bearing animals had already retreated, offered any hope for the "revival of business in furs and peltries." The "scenes of barter and exchange were shifted westward as the vanguard of sturdy Anglo-Saxon conquerors with axe and plow began to reach the west bank of the Mighty River". (55) </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Sauk and Meskwaki were forced to cede more and more of their land to the United States government. By 1845, the tribes were sent to Indian reservations in Kansas. (54) As the westward movement of population advanced, "crowding in closer upon the native inhabitants", the trader's profits decreased. "Only the Indians' removal farther west", whence the fur-bearing animals had already retreated, offered any hope for the "revival of business in furs and peltries." The "scenes of barter and exchange were shifted westward as the vanguard of sturdy Anglo-Saxon conquerors with axe and plow began to reach the west bank of the Mighty River". (55) </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>By 1836 the beaver had been eliminated as a major source of fur in the Mississippi Valley. Muskrats accounted for 95% of the furs shipped and 75% of the monetary value. (56) By 1854 the great fur companies had moved. This did not mean that the fur trade ceased to be an important part of the American economy. The early trade on the Southern Plains was closely linked to the lower Mississippi River valley. From there, French and later American traders pushed up the Red and Arkansas Rivers to barter for furs, hides, and deerskins with Caddos, Wichitas, and Comanches. (57) The total value of United States fur exports increased steadily between 1830 and 1880. (58)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:ftposter.png|left|thumb|250px|Advertisement from January 1, 1863 Dubuque Herald.]]</ins>By 1836 the beaver had been eliminated as a major source of fur in the Mississippi Valley. Muskrats accounted for 95% of the furs shipped and 75% of the monetary value. (56) By 1854 the great fur companies had moved. This did not mean that the fur trade ceased to be an important part of the American economy. The early trade on the Southern Plains was closely linked to the lower Mississippi River valley. From there, French and later American traders pushed up the Red and Arkansas Rivers to barter for furs, hides, and deerskins with Caddos, Wichitas, and Comanches. (57) The total value of United States fur exports increased steadily between 1830 and 1880. (58)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1910 the City of Dubuque had one of the largest fur trades in Iowa. Trappers within a 50-60 mile radius of the city brought over $15,000 work of skins to local dealers including [[C. J. MULFINGER]]. These furs included gray fox, red fox, wolf, raccoon, skunk, civet, muskrat, badger and opossum. Wolf skins were in the minority. (59)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1910 the City of Dubuque had one of the largest fur trades in Iowa. Trappers within a 50-60 mile radius of the city brought over $15,000 work of skins to local dealers including [[C. J. MULFINGER]]. These furs included gray fox, red fox, wolf, raccoon, skunk, civet, muskrat, badger and opossum. Wolf skins were in the minority. (59)</div></td></tr>
</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=132359&oldid=prevRandylyon at 02:23, 12 August 20162016-08-12T02:23:06Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 02:23, 12 August 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l45">Line 45:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first trader of the new commercial era was Jean Baptiste Faribault. An agent of the North West Company operating out of Canada, he established a post called "Redwood" located some two hundred miles above the mouth of the Des Moines River, probably somewhere above the present site of Des Moines. Within a year after his arrival, he had collected enough furs to arrange a trip to the mouth of the river where he "delivered them to Mr. (Louis) Crawford, one of the accredited agents of the Company." During the four years Faribault remained in charge of this lonely trading post he saw no white men except his own assistants, except on his annual trip to the mouth of the river. (23)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first trader of the new commercial era was Jean Baptiste Faribault. An agent of the North West Company operating out of Canada, he established a post called "Redwood" located some two hundred miles above the mouth of the Des Moines River, probably somewhere above the present site of Des Moines. Within a year after his arrival, he had collected enough furs to arrange a trip to the mouth of the river where he "delivered them to Mr. (Louis) Crawford, one of the accredited agents of the Company." During the four years Faribault remained in charge of this lonely trading post he saw no white men except his own assistants, except on his annual trip to the mouth of the river. (23)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>High prices were often charged by the traders. It has been estimated that the "Ayouwais", a tribe of an estimated eight hundred Indians located about forty leagues up the river "Demoin", annually received merchandise valued at $3,800 for which they gave in return $6,000 worth of "deer skins and the skins of the black bear, beaver, otter, grey fox, raccoon, muskrat, and mink." (24) In 1804, following the purchase of the Iowa country by the United States as part of the [[LOUISIANA PURCHASE]], the government agreed to establish a post to allow the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[SAUK]] </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[FOX]] </del>to obtain goods at a more reasonable rate and to put a stop to the abuses and practiced upon them by private traders. President Washington had begun this idea among the southern tribes. President Jefferson extended the plan to the Louisiana Territory as part of the government's tariff policy against England and to disrupt the profitable trade enjoyed by British traders in the Upper Mississippi Valley. (25) As a result of this treaty [[PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery|Zebulon Montgomery PIKE]] set out the following year on his expedition to find sites for forts, determine the source of the Mississippi, make peace between warring tribes and stop unlicensed British trade on land just acquired by the Americans. (26)</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>High prices were often charged by the traders. It has been estimated that the "Ayouwais", a tribe of an estimated eight hundred Indians located about forty leagues up the river "Demoin", annually received merchandise valued at $3,800 for which they gave in return $6,000 worth of "deer skins and the skins of the black bear, beaver, otter, grey fox, raccoon, muskrat, and mink." (24) In 1804, following the purchase of the Iowa country by the United States as part of the [[LOUISIANA PURCHASE]], the government agreed to establish a post to allow the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sauk </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Fox </ins>to obtain goods at a more reasonable rate and to put a stop to the abuses and practiced upon them by private traders. President Washington had begun this idea among the southern tribes. President Jefferson extended the plan to the Louisiana Territory as part of the government's tariff policy against England and to disrupt the profitable trade enjoyed by British traders in the Upper Mississippi Valley. (25) As a result of this treaty [[PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery|Zebulon Montgomery PIKE]] set out the following year on his expedition to find sites for forts, determine the source of the Mississippi, make peace between warring tribes and stop unlicensed British trade on land just acquired by the Americans. (26)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It was not until 1808, however, that the United States government began to keep its promise to the Sauk and Fox. This fort, with its factory located on the Mississippi River about twenty miles above the mouth of the Des Moines River, was called Fort Madison. It was the first government post to be erected in Iowa. Trade with the Sauk, Fox, and Ioways flourished in spite of the opposition of British traders and the unfriendly attitude of their chief supporter, Black Hawk. According to an inventory in 1809 the "Le Moine Factory" appeared to be a healthy business showing merchandise, furs, pelts, cash on hand, and debts due having a value of nearly $30,000. (27)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It was not until 1808, however, that the United States government began to keep its promise to the Sauk and Fox. This fort, with its factory located on the Mississippi River about twenty miles above the mouth of the Des Moines River, was called Fort Madison. It was the first government post to be erected in Iowa. Trade with the Sauk, Fox, and Ioways flourished in spite of the opposition of British traders and the unfriendly attitude of their chief supporter, Black Hawk. According to an inventory in 1809 the "Le Moine Factory" appeared to be a healthy business showing merchandise, furs, pelts, cash on hand, and debts due having a value of nearly $30,000. (27)</div></td></tr>
</table>Randylyonhttps://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=FUR_TRADE&diff=132358&oldid=prevRandylyon at 02:21, 12 August 20162016-08-12T02:21:38Z<p></p>
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