AIR POLLUTION - Revision history

Randylyon at 19:42, 28 October 2024

2024-10-28T19:42:23Z

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	Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)		Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)

	In 2011 [[ALLIANT ENERGY CORPORATION]] switched from coal to natural gas at its Dubuque station which was set to close in 2017. The city spent $70 million to retrofit its wastewater treatment plant and ceased incinerating byproducts and instead captured ~~methane~~ from its anaerobic digestion process to generate electricity. (23)		In 2011 [[ALLIANT ENERGY CORPORATION]] switched from coal to natural gas at its Dubuque station which was set to close in 2017. The city spent $70 million to retrofit its wastewater treatment plant and ceased incinerating byproducts and instead captured [[METHANE]] from its anaerobic digestion process to generate electricity. (23)

	The Iowa Department of Natural Resources Air Quality Bureau in 2014 awarded the City of Dubuque an $80,000 grant to help retrofit two dump trucks and two utility trucks with high-tech filters and mufflers. Such equipment was capable of reducing particulate matter from the older vehicles by up to 85%. (24)		The Iowa Department of Natural Resources Air Quality Bureau in 2014 awarded the City of Dubuque an $80,000 grant to help retrofit two dump trucks and two utility trucks with high-tech filters and mufflers. Such equipment was capable of reducing particulate matter from the older vehicles by up to 85%. (24)

Randylyon at 19:21, 6 August 2021

2021-08-06T19:21:10Z

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	25. Barton, p. 2		25. Barton, p. 2

			[[Category: Environmental]]

Randylyon at 15:06, 5 July 2021

2021-07-05T15:06:59Z

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	Dubuque industries by 1963 had taken steps to reduce their contribution to the problem. [[INTERSTATE POWER COMPANY]] had spent more than $100,000 over three years to reduce undesirable exhausts. [[DUBUQUE PACKING COMPANY]] had installed equipment that burned the coal so that there was no soot or ash. The conversion from coal to gas or oil furnaces also helped. [[CARADCO]] utilized a cyclone separator to remove sawdust and fine wood particles from the air. Automobiles were blamed for producing 3.2 metric tons of carbon monoxide, 400-800 pounds of organic vapors, and between 100-300 pounds of nitrous oxides. New cars were equipped with devices to reduce these numbers. (9)		Dubuque industries by 1963 had taken steps to reduce their contribution to the problem. [[INTERSTATE POWER COMPANY]] had spent more than $100,000 over three years to reduce undesirable exhausts. [[DUBUQUE PACKING COMPANY]] had installed equipment that burned the coal so that there was no soot or ash. The conversion from coal to gas or oil furnaces also helped. [[CARADCO]] utilized a cyclone separator to remove sawdust and fine wood particles from the air. Automobiles were blamed for producing 3.2 metric tons of carbon monoxide, 400-800 pounds of organic vapors, and between 100-300 pounds of nitrous oxides. New cars were equipped with devices to reduce these numbers. (9)

	The cooperation of the city in the national research project and efforts of local industry did not ~~sway~~ the assessment of the city's air pollution. On November 10, 1966 news was released by the U. S. Health Department that Dubuque was one of the 26 worst cities in the nation in air pollution. Art Roth, Dubuque city chemist, was quick to point out that the sampling station used for the data was located in the center of the industrial area--a site recognized as the worst in the city. Other cities including Des Moines and Cedar Rapids were reported to have more than 100 micrograms of dirt per cubic meter of air. Dubuque had approximately 150 micrograms. (10)		The cooperation of the city in the national research project and efforts of local industry did not affect the assessment of the city's air pollution. On November 10, 1966 news was released by the U. S. Health Department that Dubuque was one of the 26 worst cities in the nation in air pollution. Art Roth, Dubuque city chemist, was quick to point out that the sampling station used for the data was located in the center of the industrial area--a site recognized as the worst in the city. Other cities including Des Moines and Cedar Rapids were reported to have more than 100 micrograms of dirt per cubic meter of air. Dubuque had approximately 150 micrograms. (10)

	The Dubuque ordinance was still in development in January, 1968. Analysis of the collected data indicated that the Fourth Street Extension station area had 76.3 tons of foreign matter per square mile; Flat Iron Park had 61.2 tons; and Maple Wood Court, a residential area, had a reading of 4.6 tons. The readings were found in the spring and fall.		The Dubuque ordinance was still in development in January, 1968. Analysis of the collected data indicated that the Fourth Street Extension station area had 76.3 tons of foreign matter per square mile; Flat Iron Park had 61.2 tons; and Maple Wood Court, a residential area, had a reading of 4.6 tons. The readings were found in the spring and fall.

Randylyon at 16:58, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T16:58:31Z

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	~~Being written~~

	[[Image:ap1.jpg\|left\|thumb\|200px\|Illustration only (not Dubuque)]]AIR POLLUTION. Federal involvement in confronting air pollution and its results began in 1955. In that year, Congress gave the Public Health Service authority to supply money and leadership to individual states, universities, and research groups. In the following three years, $8.5 million was spent in 32 research projects dealing with pollutants and their behaviors. There were 73 full-time air pollution control centers across the nation with most located in industrial states. There were also sixty part-time control agencies. The burden of the fight against air pollution, however, rested on the individual community. (1) In 1954 Mayor [[WELU, Clarence P.\|Clarence P. WELU]] issued a proclamation designating October 19-25th, 1958 as Cleaner Air Week. Welu stated that air pollution "of all forms is a menace to the health, cimfort, and economy of our fellow citizens. (2) In 1959 Mayor [[KINTZINGER, Charles\|Charles KINTZINGER]] urged all citizens to follow efforts of committees to "save our city from property damage and loss due to air pollution." (3)		[[Image:ap1.jpg\|left\|thumb\|200px\|Illustration only (not Dubuque)]]AIR POLLUTION. Federal involvement in confronting air pollution and its results began in 1955. In that year, Congress gave the Public Health Service authority to supply money and leadership to individual states, universities, and research groups. In the following three years, $8.5 million was spent in 32 research projects dealing with pollutants and their behaviors. There were 73 full-time air pollution control centers across the nation with most located in industrial states. There were also sixty part-time control agencies. The burden of the fight against air pollution, however, rested on the individual community. (1) In 1954 Mayor [[WELU, Clarence P.\|Clarence P. WELU]] issued a proclamation designating October 19-25th, 1958 as Cleaner Air Week. Welu stated that air pollution "of all forms is a menace to the health, cimfort, and economy of our fellow citizens. (2) In 1959 Mayor [[KINTZINGER, Charles\|Charles KINTZINGER]] urged all citizens to follow efforts of committees to "save our city from property damage and loss due to air pollution." (3)

Randylyon at 04:49, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T04:49:59Z

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	23. Barton, Thomas J. "City, U of I Pair Up to Pursue Clean Air," ''Telegraph Herald'', Dec. 11, 2015, p. 1		23. Barton, Thomas J. "City, U of I Pair Up to Pursue Clean Air," ''Telegraph Herald'', Dec. 11, 2015, p. 1

	24. "80,000 Grant to Help City Retrofit Vehicles to Reduce Air Pollution," '''Telegraph Herald,''' December 26, 2014, p. 3		24. "80,000 Grant to Help City Retrofit Vehicles to Reduce Air Pollution," ''Telegraph Herald,'' December 26, 2014, p. 3

	25. Barton, p. 2		25. Barton, p. 2

Randylyon at 04:47, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T04:47:58Z

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	Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)		Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)

	The Iowa Department of Natural Resources Air Quality Bureau awarded the City of Dubuque an $80,000 grant to help retrofit two dump trucks and two utility trucks with high-tech filters and mufflers. Such equipment was capable of reducing particulate matter from the older vehicles by up to 85%. (23)		In 2011 [[ALLIANT ENERGY CORPORATION]] switched from coal to natural gas at its Dubuque station which was set to close in 2017. The city spent $70 million to retrofit its wastewater treatment plant and ceased incinerating byproducts and instead captured methane from its anaerobic digestion process to generate electricity. (23)

			The Iowa Department of Natural Resources Air Quality Bureau in 2014 awarded the City of Dubuque an $80,000 grant to help retrofit two dump trucks and two utility trucks with high-tech filters and mufflers. Such equipment was capable of reducing particulate matter from the older vehicles by up to 85%. (24)

			In 2016 the City of Dubuque and the University of Iowa developed a collaboration to improve air quality in Dubuque. The partnership developed after the university received a $91,000 grant from the EPA to help Dubuque raise awareness about the causes and health effects of air pollution. According to the grant, the university would purchase monitors and train businesses, nonprofits, colleges and high school on how to use them to track air quality. At the time, the closest air-monitoring station to Dubuque was located in Potosi, Wisconsin. Data gathered there was reported to the EPA. Between 2005 and 2009, Dubuque was close to exceeding federal standards. To avoid federal regulation, the city entered into an EPA program allowing voluntary measures to improve air quality. Since 2010, air-pollution in Dubuque dropped. (25)

	In 2016 the City of Dubuque and the University of Iowa developed a collaboration to improve air quality in Dubuque. The partnership developed after the university received a $91,000 grant from the EPA to help Dubuque raise awareness about the causes and health effects of air pollution. According to the grant, the university would purchase monitors and train businesses, nonprofits, colleges and high school on how to use them to track air quality. At the time, the closest air-monitoring station to Dubuque was located in Potosi, Wisconsin. Data gathered there was reported to the EPA. Between 2005 and 2009, Dubuque was close to exceeding federal standards. To avoid federal regulation, the city entered into an EPA program allowing voluntary measures to improve air quality. Since 2010, air-pollution in Dubuque dropped. (24)

	In 2011 [[ALLIANT ENERGY CORPORATION]] switched from coal to natural gas at its Dubuque station which was set to close in 2017. The city spent $70 million to retrofit its wastewater treatment plant and ceased incinerating byproducts and instead captured methane from its anaerobic digestion process to generate electricity. (25)


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	22. Carey, James and Morris, "Determining If Your Home is Making You Sick," ''Telegraph Herald,'' January 20, 2008, p. 71		22. Carey, James and Morris, "Determining If Your Home is Making You Sick," ''Telegraph Herald,'' January 20, 2008, p. 71

	23. "*0,~~000 Grant to Help City Retrofit Vehicles~~ to ~~Reduce~~ Air ~~Pollution~~," '''Telegraph Herald,''~~' December 26~~, ~~2014~~, p. 3		23. Barton, Thomas J. "City, U of I Pair Up to Pursue Clean Air," ''Telegraph Herald'', Dec. 11, 2015, p. 1

	24. ~~Barton~~, ~~Thomas J. "~~City~~, U of I Pair Up~~ to ~~Pursue Clean~~ Air," ''Telegraph Herald'', ~~Dec. 11, 2015~~, p. 1		24. "80,000 Grant to Help City Retrofit Vehicles to Reduce Air Pollution," '''Telegraph Herald,''' December 26, 2014, p. 3

	25. ~~Ibid.~~ p. 2		25. Barton, p. 2

Randylyon at 04:21, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T04:21:23Z

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	In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)		In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)

	[[Image:apchart.png\|left\|thumb\|~~300px~~\|Illustration courtesy of Telegraph Herald (Oct. 17, 2010)]]The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)		[[Image:apchart.png\|left\|thumb\|400px\|Illustration courtesy of Telegraph Herald (Oct. 17, 2010)]]The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)

	Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)		Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)

Randylyon at 04:21, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T04:21:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:21, 13 January 2019
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	In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)		In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)

	[[Image:apchart.png\|left\|thumb\|~~200px~~\|Illustration courtesy of Telegraph Herald (Oct. 17, 2010)]]The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)		[[Image:apchart.png\|left\|thumb\|300px\|Illustration courtesy of Telegraph Herald (Oct. 17, 2010)]]The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)

	Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)		Air pollution in the home, according to EPA studies cited in 2008, could be more than 100 times higher than outdoor levels. Sources included central heating, household cleaning and maintenance products, animal dander, mold, tobacco smoke styrene found in adhesives and insulation, and formaldehyde from fabrics. Remedies included improved ventilation, smoking outside, and the use of test kits. [[RADON]] could be lessened by sealing cracks in foundations or with the installation of exhaust systems. (22)
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	13. "Air Pollution," ''Telegraph-Herald'', March 16, 1965, p. 3		13. "Air Pollution," ''Telegraph-Herald'', March 16, 1965, p. 3

	14. Bulkley, John, "~~Anti0~~-Air Pollution Ordinance Seen Next Year," ''Telegraph Herald'', May 30, 1971, p. 5		14. Bulkley, John, "Anti-Air Pollution Ordinance Seen Next Year," ''Telegraph Herald'', May 30, 1971, p. 5

	15. Ibid.		15. Ibid.

Randylyon at 04:20, 13 January 2019

2019-01-13T04:20:38Z

@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)
-The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)
+[[Image:apchart.png|left|thumb|200px|Illustration courtesy of Telegraph Herald (Oct. 17, 2010)]]The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)
@@ Line 77: / Line 85: @@
 . Blocker, Sue, "Dubuque Air Quality Not So Bad," ''Telegraph Herald'', April 27, 1987. p. 8

Randylyon at 20:32, 12 January 2019

2019-01-12T20:32:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:32, 12 January 2019
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	In 1978 Dubuque's air made the national smog list along with Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Davenport, Council Bluffs, Fort Dodge, Mason City, Keokuk and Sioux City. These cities exceeded limits for sulfar dioxide, an industrial contaminant. Consideration of placing a model of Dubuque in a wind tunnel to see where the pollutant came from, however, were stopped due to the price tag of $50,000. (18)		In 1978 Dubuque's air made the national smog list along with Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Davenport, Council Bluffs, Fort Dodge, Mason City, Keokuk and Sioux City. These cities exceeded limits for sulfar dioxide, an industrial contaminant. Consideration of placing a model of Dubuque in a wind tunnel to see where the pollutant came from, however, were stopped due to the price tag of $50,000. (18)

	In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "~~fugative~~ dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)		In 1980 Iowa approved a framework for state air pollution standards changing definitions in the Iowa law to comply with the Federal Clean Air Act. Approved on a 92-0 vote, the bill avoided an attempt by federal officials to write laws for Iowa through the Department of Environmental Quality. In 1979 the federal government disapproved a draft from Iowa because it did not deal with "fugitive dust," windblown dust from fields and rural roads. (19)

			The local government in Dubuque and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were the targets of the National Clean Air Coalition in 1987. Dubuque was one of at least sixty areas of the country not meeting ozone pollution levels between 1983 and 1985 set by the federal Clean Air Act. Dubuque officials claimed they had received no complaints from the EPA. Spokespersons for the coalition claimed the EPA was slow to consider new programs and give local governments help in controlling pollution. (20) The charge was dismissed by an environmental specialist with the Iowa Department of Water, Waste and Air Management. Between 1982 and 1985 carbon monoxide levels in Dubuque had exceeded standards seven times with three occurring in 1983. The level had to exceed the standard at least twice in a year to qualify as a violation of EPA regulations. When Dubuque had exceeded the standard, it was "just right above the standard. In 1980 Dubuque had been placed on a "non-attainment" lost for exceeding carbon monoxide standards eleven times. After consistently meeting the standards, it had been removed. (21)


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	19. "House Approves State Air Pollution Standards," ''Telegraph Herald'', March 11, 1980, p. 4		19. "House Approves State Air Pollution Standards," ''Telegraph Herald'', March 11, 1980, p. 4

			20. " 'Health Endangerment Areas' List Includes Dubuque," ''Telegraph Herald'', April 26, 1987, p. 2

			21. Blocker, Sue, "Dubuque Air Quality Not So Bad," ''Telegraph Herald'', April 27, 1987. p. 8